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Multimedia Chemistry I & II (1996-9-11) [English].img
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chapter3.1c
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à 3.1èMonaëmic Ions
äèPlease give ê name ç ê followïg monaëmic ions.
âèThe symbol for ê alumïum ion is AlÄó.èAlumïum is a metal
å forms positively charged ions.èWe predict ê charge will be +3
because Al is ï Group 3.èNonmetals form negatively charged ions, called
anions.èThe name ç ê Seìú ion is selenide ion.èSe is ê symbol for
selenium.èMonaëmic anions are named usïg ê nonmetal root name with
an "ide" suffix.
éS1 Neutral aëms have ê same number ç proëns å electrons å,
êrefore, have no net charge.èMetallic aëms generally give up
electrons ï chemical reactions ë form ions which have more proëns than
electrons.èThese ions have a net positive charge.èIons bearïg a posi-
tive charge are called cations.èThe metallic cations are named by givïg
ê name ç ê metal followed by ê word "ion".èFor example, Lió is
called "lithium ion".èWe can predict ê net charge on ê cation from
ê position ç ê aëm ï ê Periodic Table.èThe elements ï Groups 1
å 2 have a charge ç +1 å +2, respectively.èMany metals form more
than one common cation, each with a different charge.èWith ê exception
ç scåium å copper, ê first row ç ê transition metals form a +2
ion å more highly charged ions as well.èCopper forms +2 å +1 ions.
Nonmetal aëms generally accept electrons ï chemical reactions ë form
ions which have more electrons than proëns.èThese ions have a net nega-
tive charge.èIons bearïg a negative charge are called anions.èThe
monaëmic anions are named by addïg ê suffix "ide" ë ê nonmetal
root name å ên ê word "ion".èExamples are Fú which is named ê
"fluoride ion" å NÄú which is ê "nitride ion".èThe net charge ç
êse ions can be obtaïed by countïg ê number ç columns ë reach
Group 18.èNitrogen is ï Group 15 which is three columns from Group 18,
so ê nitride ion has a -3 charge (written "3-").
The followïg Periodic Table shows ê common ions ç ê elements that
you probably would be expected ë know.
@fig3101.bmp,5,65,545,250
1èSìú is named ê ...
A) sulfurium ion.
B) sulfide ion.
C) sulfur ion.
D) sulfonium ion.
üèS is ê symbol for sulfur.èSìú is named ê sulfide ion because
"ide" is added ë ê root part ç ê elemental name, which is usually
ê first syllable or two ç ê elemental name.è
Ç B
2èPÄú is named ê ...
A) phosphoryl ion.
B) potasside ion.
C) phosphide ion.
D) phosphonium ion.
üèIn namïg monaëmic anions, ê suffix "ide" is added ë ê root
part ç ê elemental name, which is usually ê first syllable or two ç
ê elemental name.èP is phosphorous, so PÄú is ê phosphide ion.
Ç C
3èIú is named ê ...
A) iodïium ion.
B) iodïe ion.
C) iodate ion.
D) iodide ion.
üèIn namïg monaëmic anions, ê suffix "ide" is added ë ê root
part ç ê elemental name, which is usually ê first syllable or two ç
ê elemental name.èI is iodïe, so Iú is ê iodide ion.
Ç D
4èOìú is named ê ...
A) oxygenate ion.
B) oxide ion.
C) oxonium ion.
D) oxygenide ion.
üèIn namïg monaëmic anions, ê suffix "ide" is added ë ê root
part ç ê elemental name, which is usually ê first syllable or two ç
ê elemental name.èOxygen's symbol is O, so Oìú is ê oxide ion.
Ç B
5èKó is named ê ...
A) potassiumate ion.
B) potassonium ion.
C) potasside ion.
D) potassium ion.
üèMonaëmic cations are named by usïg ê elemental name followed
by ê word ion.èKó is ê potassium ion.
Ç D
6èLió is named ê ...
A) lithide ion.
B) lithiate ion.
C) lithonium ion.
D) lithium ion.
üèMonaëmic cations are named by usïg ê elemental name followed
by ê word ion.èLió is ê lithium ion.
Ç D
7èAlÄó is named ê ...
A) alumïum ion.
B) alumïate ion.
C) alumïite ion.
D) alumïide ion.
üèMonaëmic cations are named by usïg ê elemental name followed
by ê word ion.èAlÄó is ê alumïum ion.
Ç A
8èCoìó is named ê ...
A) cobaltium(II) ion.
B) cobaltic ion.
C) cobalt(II) ion.
D) cobaltate ion.
üèWith transition metal cations, we also need ë specify ê charge
on ê ion.èWithï ê Sëck system, ê charge is designated by a Roman
numeral ï parenêsis followïg ê elemental name.èThe older namïg
system uses an "ous" suffix for ê ion with ê lower charge å "ic"
for ê higher charged ion.èCoìó is named eiêr ê cobalt(II) ion or
ê cobalëus ion.
Ç C
äèPlease give ê symbol for ê followïg ions.
âèThe symbol for ê rubidium ion is Rbó, å that for ê
selenide ion is Seìú.
éSèThe monaëmic cations (positive charge) are named usïg ê
metal name å ê word "ion".èThe elements ï Groups 1 å 2 have a net
+1 å +2 charge, respectively.èThe transition metals are named with ê
charge as a Roman numeral ï parenêsis followïg ê metal name.
In ê older system, Latï names are used frequently with an "ous" suffix
for ê lower charged ion å with an "ic" suffix for ê ion ç higher
charge.èTwo examples are: Feìó is iron(II) or ferrous å FeÄó is
iron(III) or ferric, å Cuó is copper(I) or cuprous å Cuìó is
copper(II) or cupric.
The monaëmic anions (negative charge) are named by usïg ê nonmetal
root name å ê "ide" suffix.èThe charge can be obtaïed by subtract-
ïg 18 from ê Group number.èThe selenide ion from selenium, Se, which
is ï Group 16, has a net charge ç 16 - 18 = -2.èThe formula ç ê
selenide ion is Seìú.
9èThe symbol for ê sodium ion is ...
A) Naó.
B) Soó.
C) Naìó.
D) Naú.
üèThis must be a cation because only ê name ç ê element is
given.èSodium's symbol is Na å it is ï Group 1 so ê charge is +1.
ê symbol for sodium ion is written as Naó.
Ç A
10èThe symbol for ê cobalt(III) ion is ...
A) CoÄú. B) Co╕ó.
C) CoÄó. D) Co╕.
üèThis must be a cation because only ê name ç ê element is
given.èCobalt's symbol is Co.èIt is a transition metal so ê charge is
given as a Roman numeral, III.èThe charge is written as a superscript.
The symbol for ê cobalt(III) ion is written as CoÄó.
Ç C
11èThe symbol for ê bromide ion is ...
A) Bú.
B) Bró.
C) B.
D) Brú.
üèThis must be an anion because ê name ç ê ion ends ï "ide".
Bromïe's symbol is Br.èIt is ï Group 17 so ê charge is 17 - 18 = -1.
The symbol for bromide ion is written as Brú.
Ç D
12èThe symbol for ê nitride ion is ...
A) Nó. B) NÄú.
C) N╕ú. D) Nú.
üèThis must be an anion because ê name ç ê ion ends ï "ide".
Nitrogen's symbol is N.èIt is ï Group 15 so ê charge is expected ë
be 15 - 18 = -3.èThe symbol for nitride ion is written as NÄú.
Ç B
13èThe symbol for ê chloride ion is ...
A) Clìú. B) Clú.
C) Cló. D) Cl╖ú.
üèThis must be an anion because ê name ç ê ion ends ï "ide".
Chlorïe's symbol is Cl.èIt is ï Group 17 so ê charge is expected ë
be 17 - 18 = -1.èThe symbol for chloride ion is written as Clú.
Ç B
14èThe symbol for ê lead(IV) ion is ...
A) PbÅú. B) Pbó.
C) PbÅó. D) Pb╣ó.
üèThis must be a cation because only ê name ç ê element is
given.èLead's symbol is Pb.èThis metal forms +2 å +4 ions. The Roman
numeral, IV, designates a charge ç +4.èThe charge is written as a
superscript.èThe symbol for ê lead(IV) ion is written as PbÅó.
Ç C
15èThe symbol for ê chromic ion is ...
A) Crìó. B) Crú.
C) Cró. D) CrÄó.
üèThis must be a cation because ê root name ç an element is
given with an "ic" suffix.èA monaëmic anion ends ï "ide".èChromium's
symbol is Cr.èIt is a transition metal that forms two common monaëmic
ions with charges ç +2 å +3.èThe "ic" suffix specifies ê higher
charge state.èThe symbol for ê chromic ion is written as CrÄó.
Ç D
16èThe symbol for ê manganous ion is ...
A) Mgìó. B) MgÄó.
C) Mnìó. D) MnÄó.
üèThis must be a cation because ê root name ç ê element is
given with an "ous" suffix.èA monaëmic anion ends ï "ide".èThe symbol
for manganese is Mn.èIt is a transition metal with two common ions with
charges ç +2 å +3.èThe "ous" endïg ïdicates ê ion with ê lower
charge, +2.èThe symbol for ê manganous ion is written as Mnìó.
Ç C